In order to explore the influence factors of farmers’ quit willingness of their rural residential land from the perspective of human capital theory, the authors report a survey from Xinxiang, a traditional agricultural area in Central China, and research the quit willingness of farmer’s rural residential land through interview and questionnaire survey. The authors build explanatory variable index system from three aspects: human capital, economic capital and land assets. A method of Logit model is applied to explore the main influence factors of farmers’ willingness to quit the right of farmer’s rural residential land. The results indicate that farmers don’t want to transfer their rural residential land in traditional agricultural area. Human capital is the important factor to affect the transfer of farmers’ rural residential land. Farmers’ knowledge and experience is important and significant for their quit willingness, rather than farmers’ education level. In addition, the impact of economic capital and land assets on farmer’s quit willingness is not significant. The research suggests that the government should raise farmers’ human capital from the aspects of enriching farmer’s knowledge and experience.